Device for the evaporation of liquids and in the drying of substances



C. R. MABEE.

DEVICE FOR THE EVAPORATION 0F LIQUSDS AND IN THE DRYING 0F SUBSTANCES. I

APPLICATION man 050. I5, 1913 RENEW? REE. 13.1920.

1AO2,238 a Patented Jan. 3, 1922.

F/EE

onto u ear canoe.

CHARLES R. MABEE, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

DEVICE FOR THE EVAPORATION 0F LIQUIDS AND IN THE DRYING OF SUBSTANCES.

Application filed December 15, 1913, Serial No.806,888. Renewed February13, 1920. berial No. 358,433.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES R. MABEE, of the city of Toledo, county ofLucas, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Devices for the Evaporation of Liquids and in the Dryingof Substances, and I do hereby declare that the following is a full.clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to the evaporation of water from solutions andmixtures and to the drying of substances by the combined action of heatand outward pressure upon the solutions, mixtures or substances operatedupon against heated surfaces as.

a. result-of rotar motion applied thereto, the means for e ecting saidrotary motion being rigid in character and conformed to the heatedsurface adjacent to which it may travel as a result of said rotarymotion.

To enalble others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same, I will proceed to describe it with reference to thedrawing, in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts inall the figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of my im proved device, Figure 2 is atopplan view of the same showing the revolving arm, Figure 3 is asimilar View with the arm removed showing the segmental arm attached tothe ring, Figure 4 1s a plan view of the cover, Figure 5 is a detailview partly broken away, of one of the segmental arms and Figure 6 is analternative form of the device.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1. is the container ofgeneral hollow hemispherical form, surmounted by a fiat cover 2 andsurrounded by a steam jacket 3 of crescent shaped cross-section providedwith a steam inlet 4 and an outlet 5 for water of condensation.Centrally of the base of the receiver, a vertical tube 6 inserted in anaperture in the base thereof and rigidly secured thereto, is providedopen to the atmosphere and having at its upper extremity, an outwardlyflanged extension 7. A suitable frame 8 sup-ports an horizontal support9 provided with a bearing for a vertical shaft 10 in the 1011 'tudinalaxis of the receiver 1 and driven 6; a pulley 11 connected to suitablemotive power. Upon the free lower extremity of the shaft 10, an arm 12extending diametrically of the upper rim of the receiver is rigidlysecured. The

Patented Jan. 3, 1922.

shaft 10 passes centrally through the cover 2, through an aperture 20where a steam tight stufiing box permits rotation of the shaft butprevents the escape of vapors from the container. Upon the outerextremities of the arm 12 segmental arms 21 are hingedly attached, theirlower extremities being similarly attached to a ring 14.- revolubleabout the lower extremity of the tube 6 where said tube unites with thebody of the container. An outlet pipe 16 opens through the walls of thetube 6 and is provided with a valve 17 for the withdrawal of thefinished product from the container.

In the alternative form of my device as shown in Figure 6, the verticaltube 6 is removed and the container is shown without opening from thebottom thereof, the segmental arms 21 in this instance, being attachedto a collar Ibearing arms 13, sleeved upon the shaft 10, here shown asjournaled in the base of the receiver.

The operation of my device is as follows:

The substance to be treated is introduced within the container 1 throughinlet 22 or through the cover segment 18, hingedly attache to saidcover, proper motion having first been imparted to the arm 12 and saidsubstance. has imparted to it through and by means of the segmental arm21, a rotary motion, in the direction of the rotation of the arm 12. Anoutlet for the gas and vapor of evaporation is afforded through thevertical tube, and it will be noted that the arms 12 constitute fanblades whereby to drive off throp gh the vertical tube the vapor andgases. hen water has been sufliciently extracted from the contents ofthe receiver, said contents may be removed through the outlet 16,controlled by the valve 17 or throu h the cover segment 18. In thealternative orm, the receiver is maintained in upright position bysupports 18, the tube 16 passing through the walls thereof at anyconvenient point within said supports. In this embodiment of theinvention, wherein the tube 6 is dispensed with, the vapor and gases maybe driven out of the top of the receptacle by the fan bladesl2.

Among the advantages accruing from the use of the rigid arms employed inthis device, particularly where the device is used for the evaporationof milk and similar substances, it may be mentioned that they preventcasein and other substances from adhering to the heating surface andthereby render the device more easily cleaned and permit a larger amountof liquid to be removed from the substances operated upon, owing to thefact that any thing adhering to a heated surface, in an evaporatingdevice retards the transmission of heat from the surface of the liquid.

While the construction set out is excellently adapted for the employmentof my invention in practice I do not limit myself to the details, asthey may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.

While 1 have herein shown and described some features of structure andoperation more or less similar to those presented in other copendingapplications, it is to be understood that the claims herein presentedare intended to be limited to the matters specifically described inthem, respectively. They relate, respectively, either to a mechanismhaving a container which is approximately hemispherically shaped, or toa mechanism having a container which has its axis vertically disposedtogether with a vapor duct through the lower end or base of thecontainer for the escape of vapors down ward through said duct, or amechanism' having scraper cleaning devices connected to fan bladesdesigned for moving air and vapor. I

I do not claim herein any patentable and novel features of constructionor operation incident to the automatically movable or yielding scraperarms adapted to brush, polish or cleanse the active surface of thecontainer, or the forming of a film upon said surface either with orwithout continuous supply of material orcontinuous discharge of it fromthe container, or the withdrawal of vapor or the positiveforcing of itout from the container, or the reduction of the atmospheric pressure, orthe forming of a partial vacuum in the interior of the container, exceptas specifically described in the claims herein; these subjects-matterbeing presented in the said copending applications.

in said other applications, respectively, are presented claims forsubjects-matter common to one or more thereof and also to the presentcase, together with claimsin each, respectively, for matterscharacteristic thereof, and l reserve the right to secure therein theclaims lastreferred to.

v The copending applications to which cross reference is thus made areSerial No. 718,114, filed August 31, 1912; Seria No. 738,178, filedDecember 23, 1912'; Seria No.

108,956, renewal of Serial llo. 797,087, filed.

@ctober 24, 1913, Serial No. 805,598, filed December '9, 1913; SerialNo. 366,962, re newal of 806,889, filed December 15, i913;

Serial No. 280,143, renewal of 806,890, filed December 15, 1913; SerialNo. 280,144, renewal of 806,891, filed December 15, 1913; Serial No.40,757, filed July 19, 1915; Serial No. 77,996, filed February 12, 1916;Serial No. 57 ,47 2, filed October 23, 1915 and Serial No. 277 ,904,filed February 18, 1919.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In anevaporating and drying device,

in combination, a hemispherical container,

rigid means adapted to revolve about the interior surface of the saidcontainer in close proximity to and in apposition with the heatedsurface, means for applying rotary motion to said rigid means, and asubstantially centrally arranged open ended tube projecting upwardlyfrom the bottom of the container for the exit of vapors and gases.

2. In an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container a cover provided with a central aperture,a stuffing box mounted in said aperture, a shaft axially of thecontainer passing through said cover and stuffing box, a transversehorizontal arm mounted on the extremity of the shaft approximately equalin length to the interior diameter of the upper portion of saidcontainena tube centrally introduced in the lower portion of. saidcontainer and extending upwardly therefrom, a loose ring surroundingsaid tube, a plurality of segmental arms attached to the outer extremityof the horizontal arm adapted to conform to the contour of the curvedinterior surface of said contaiher and attached at their lowerextremities to said loose ring and means for applying rotary motion tosaid arms.

3. In an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container, a tube axially of the bottom thereof,extending upwardly there from, an axial shaft, a horizontal arm mountedon the lower extremity of said shaft, segmental arms hingedly attachedat their upper extremities to the ends 'of'the horizontal arm andadapted to move in close proximity to the inner surface of saidcontainer and at their lower extremities attached to a loose ringsleeved upon said tube, a pipe within the tube at its lowest pointadapted to Withdraw the contents of said container and means forapplying rotary motion to said shaft, said horizontal arm and saidsegmental arms.

4. In an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container provided with an aperture centrally ofthe lower portion thereof, an axially disposed tube mounted in saidaperture and extending upwardly, axial shaft terminating slightly belowthe ri lower end of said sh loosely attached to the i i horizontal armsand adapted to move in close proximity to the con-tour of the internalsurface of said container and means for applying rotary motion to saidshaft and said arms.

5. In an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container open at the top, means for maintainingsaid container in an upright position, a stub shaft externally of theupper portion of said container in the line of the axis thereof andterminating within the upper margin thereof, a horizontal arm mounted onthe extremity of said shaft extending diametrically of the container,segmental arms loosely attached to the extremities of the horizontal armand to a revoluble ring in the lower portion of said container and meansfor applying rotary motion to said shaft and said arms.

6. In an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container, fiat arcuate arms in the axial plane ofthe container, the convex edges of said arms disposed adjacent to theconcave surface of the container, an upwardly extending member on thebase, round in cross section, a loose sleeved connection between saidupwardly extending member and the lower ends of said arms, and meanshaving a loose connection with the upper ends of said arms for applyingmotion to said arms circumferentially of the container.

7. in an evaporating and drying apparatus, the combination of anexternally heated hemispherical container having a cover for the topthereof and a relatively large opening in the base thereof for the freeand unrestricted escape of vapors, flat quadrantal arms in the axialplane thereof, the convex edges of said arms disposed adjacent theconcave surface of the container, and a hinge connection for the upperend of said arms, and means for rotating said arms.

8. in an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container, means adapted to give the contentsthereof motion circumferentially thereof, an ofi-take pipe axially ofthe bottom thereof and means for driving the vapor and gas ofevaporation downwardly through said pipe independently of the dischargefor the material treated, and means for controlling at will thedischarge of said treated material.

9.. in an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container, means adapted to give the contentsthereof motion circumferentially thereof, means for the downward removalof the vapor and gas of evaporation, means for oermitting discharge o heand cans for regulating in, t; vapor en y o t e A 10. In an evaporatingand drying device, in combination, an externally heated hemisphericalcontainer having in its base a relatively large opening for the freeescape of vapors and gases, means adapted to give the contents of thecontainer motion circumferentially thereof and a fan for the downwardremoval of the vapor and gases through said opening.

11. In an evaporating and drying device, in combination, a hemisphericalcontainer having a relatively large free vapor escape opening, a heatedjacket externally thereof, oppositely disposed quadrantal armsinternally thereof disposed adjacent to the internal surface thereof andmeans for applying rotary motion to said arms circumferentially of saidcontainer, said means including rotatable fan blades which form asupport for one end of said arms, and said fan blades acting to quicklyexpel the vapor throu h said opening.

12. n an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated upright, hemispherical container having an opening in the basethereof for the escape of gases and vapors, and an inwardly projectingflange or collar surrounding said opening, flat quadrantal arms in theaxial plane thereof and adjacent to the interior surface thereof andmeans for applying rotary motion to said arms circumferentially of saidcontainer.

13. In an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an uprighthemispherical container, a plurality of oppositely disposed quadrantalarms adjacent to the interior surface thereof, means fonsnpporting saidarms and means for imparting rotary motion thereto, circumferentially ofsaid container, a vertically disposed open-ended tubular part projectinginwardly from the base of the container, of appropriate proportions forthe free escape of the vapors, and an outlet independent of said vaporescape opening projecting through said tnhnlar part, for the treatedmaterial.

lln an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container, a tube axially of the bottom thereof,extending upwardly therefrom, an axial shaft, a horizontal arm mountedon the lower extremity of said shaft, segmental arms hingedly attachedat their upper extremities to the of the horizon l and adapted to morein close proaimity to the inner snrface of said container and theirlower extremities attached to loose revolubleabont said tube, means forapplying rotary motion. to said shaft, said horizontal arm and said inan evaporating a in co bination, l a tube I from, an axial shaft, ahorizontal arm mounted on the lower extremity of said shaft, segmentalarms hingedly attached at their upper extremities to the ends of thehorizontal arms and adapted to move in close proximity to the innersurface of said container, and at their lower extremities attached to aloose ring revoluble about said tube, said tube having an opening in itsside wall constituting an outlet for the treated material, and means forimparting rotatable movement to said shaft and connected parts.

16. In an evaporating and drying device, in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container provided with an aperture centrall of thelower portion thereof, an axially disposed tube mounted in said apertureand extending upwardly, an axial shaft supported on the top of thecontainer, a horizontal arm adjacent the lower end of said shaft,relatively fiat arms of rigid construction loosely suspended from theextremity of said horizontal arm, with the edges thereof adapted to movein close proximity to the contour of the internal surface of saidcontainer, and means for applying rotatable movement to the shaft andconnected parts.

17. In an evaporating apparatus of the character described, thecombination of a vertically disposed hemispherical container having atreating surface of a temperature different from that of the material tobe treated, and means adapted to give the material within the contalner,motion circumferentially of said surface, said means including armsextending longitudinally of the surface, means connected to one end ofthe arms for im arting rotatable movement thereto, a rotata le supportfor the opposite ends of said arms, and means projecting from the baseof the container constituting an axial bearing for said support, saidlastmentioned means being hollow whereby to constitute an opening for,the discharge of vapors or gases.

18. In an e aporating and drying device in combination, an externallyheated hemispherical container, means adapted to give the contentsthereof motion circumferentially thereof, and an off-take pipe axiallyof the base of the container for the vapors, and an auxiliary off-takepipe projecting through the first-mentioned pipe for the escape of thetreated material.

19. In an evaporating apparatus of the character described, thecombination of a vertically disposed hemispherical container, means forapplying to the surface of the container, a temperature different fromthat of thematerial to be treated, means adapted to give the contents ofthe container motion circumferentially of said surface, an off-take pipeaxially of the bottom of the container, said ofi-take pipe beingrelatively large for adapted to give to the contents of the containermotion circumferentially over the in terior wall of the container, saidmeans including a rotatable fan blade support, and arms movablyconnected to said support and shaped to correspond with the treatingsurface of the container, the said container having a relatively largesubstantially unobstructed opening for the rapid and free disdischargeof the vapors of evaporation, and said fan blades operating to force thesaid vapors through said last-named opening.

21. In an evaporating apparatus of the character described, thecombination of a vertically disposed container, the inner surface ofwhich is curved toward the base thereof, a rotatable fan blade adjacentthe top of the container, arms loosely depending from the outer edges ofsaid blades and shaped to conform to the interior surface of thecontainer, and a vapor outlet at the base of the container, the wall ofsaid outlet constituting a loose bearin for the lower ends of said arms.

22. n an evaporating apparatus of the character described, thecombination of a vertically disposed container, the inner surface ofwhich is curved toward the base thereof, a rotatable fan blade adjacentthe top of the container, arms depending from the outer edge of saidblade and shaped to conform to the interior surface of the com tainer, aprojection on the base of the container, anda rotatable connectionbetween the lower ends of said arms and said projection, the saidcontainer having a free vapor escape opening, and the said fan bladeacting to quickly expel the vapors of evaporation through said opening.

23. In an evaporating apparatus of the character described, the"combination of a vertically disposed hemispherical container,

means for applying to the wall of the container a temperature differentfrom that of the material being treated, an inlet for the material atthe top of the container, an outlet for the material adjacent the baseof the container, means for imparting to the material circumferentialmovement over the interior surface of the container, and means formaintaining a free unobstructed outlet in the base of the container forthe vapors and gases.

24;. In a device of the character described, in combination, anexternaily heated substantially hemispherical container, having a cover,a shaft axiaiiy of the container projecting downwardly from said cover,a transverse supporting arm on said shaft in the upper portion of saidcontainer, an openended tube centrally introduced in the iower portionof said container and extending upwardly therefrom, a loose ringsurrounding said tube, a plurality of segmentai arms at disposedopen-en-ded tube projecting upwardly from the base of the container andconstituting a reiativeiy large vapor escape opening, the side Wait ofthe container being curved inwardly towards the base thereof, atransverse rotatable support Within the container adjacent the topthereof, a ring-shaped device sleeved upon the tube, and conveyor armscurvd. to conform to the curvature of the side wall er the containernivotaiiy con nected at their upper ends to said supporting member andat their lower ends to said ringshaped member In testimony whereof I hee hereunto signed my name this day o Hot'ernber 1913, in the presence ofsubscribing Witnesses.

